Which type of junction allows communication between cells?

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that permit direct communication between adjacent cells. They consist of protein channels called connexons that span the membranes of two neighboring cells, allowing for the passage of ions, small molecules, and electrical signals between them. This facilitates rapid communication and coordination of cellular activities, which is particularly important in tissues that require synchronized function, such as cardiac muscle and certain types of epithelial tissues.

In contrast, tight junctions primarily serve to create a barrier that prevents the movement of materials between cells and helps maintain the integrity of the tissue. Anchoring junctions, which include structures such as adherens junctions and desmosomes, provide mechanical support to cells and stabilize tissue structure but do not facilitate direct communication. Thus, while all these junctions are critical for tissue integrity and function, only gap junctions are specifically designed for intercellular communication.