Which property is distinctive to stem cells?

Stem cells possess unique characteristics that enable their vital function in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. One of the most distinctive properties of stem cells is their ability to differentiate into various cell types, which is crucial for tissue regeneration. This differentiation allows stem cells to give rise to the specialized cells needed for different tissues like muscle, nerve, and bone.

In addition to differentiation, stem cells are also characterized by their capacity for self-renewal. This refers to their ability to undergo multiple rounds of cell division while maintaining their undifferentiated state. Self-renewal is essential because it allows stem cells to sustain their population in the body indefinitely, providing a continuous source of cells that can differentiate as needed.

Thus, both differentiation and self-renewal are fundamental properties of stem cells, making option D the correct choice. These characteristics allow stem cells to play a significant role in developmental biology and have profound implications for therapies aimed at repairing or regenerating damaged tissues. Understanding these properties is crucial for advancements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.