Which method is used to enhance scaffold integration with host tissue?

The method of coating scaffolds with proteins is a widely recognized strategy to enhance scaffold integration with host tissue. This approach involves applying bioactive molecules, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, to the scaffold surface, which can facilitate cellular attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. By providing a favorable environment that mimics natural tissue, protein coatings can significantly improve the scaffold's biocompatibility and promote a more robust integration with the surrounding host tissue.

When scaffolds are coated with relevant proteins, they can better mimic the biochemical cues present in native tissues, making it easier for host cells to recognize and infiltrate the scaffold. This is crucial for the development of successful tissue-engineered constructs, as effective integration leads to improved outcomes in tissue regeneration.

Other methods, like using synthetic polymers, may improve mechanical properties and design flexibility but do not directly enhance biological integration with host tissues. Reducing porosity can limit nutrient and oxygen transport essential for cell survival and growth, while increasing rigidity might lead to mismatched mechanical properties with surrounding tissues, potentially hindering integration. Therefore, coating with proteins stands out as the most effective strategy for improving scaffold-host tissue interaction.