What role do growth factors play in tendon tissue engineering?

Growth factors are essential signaling molecules that facilitate various biological processes crucial for effective tendon tissue engineering. Their primary role involves promoting cell proliferation and differentiation, which is vital for tissue regeneration and repair. In the context of tendon engineering, specific growth factors can stimulate tendon cells, such as tenocytes, to multiply and mature into functional cells that contribute to the formation of new tendon tissue.

By influencing the behavior of these cells, growth factors help ensure that the newly formed tissue not only resembles the structure of native tendon but also exhibits the necessary functional properties, such as collagen production and alignment. This process ultimately supports the regeneration of tendons in a way that enhances healing and restores function.

While growth factors may have ancillary effects on biodegradation rates, mechanical strength, or metabolic activities within the tissue engineering framework, their primary and most impactful role is in the regulation of cellular activities central to growth and differentiation.