What biomanufacturing method involves ejection of a charged polymer fluid onto an oppositely charged surface?

The biomanufacturing method that involves the ejection of a charged polymer fluid onto an oppositely charged surface is electrospinning. This technique utilizes an electrically charged solution of polymers that is typically ejected through a spinneret. Due to the electrostatic forces generated by the charge, the polymer fibers are drawn out and deposited onto a grounded or oppositely charged collector surface. This process creates nanofibers that can be used in various applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds, due to their high surface area and porosity.

The unique properties of electrospinning allow for the production of fibers that mimic the extracellular matrix, which is crucial for cell growth and tissue regeneration. The electrostatic forces play a significant role in controlling the morphology and diameter of the fibers, making it a versatile technique for producing materials with specific characteristics tailored for biomedical applications.

In contrast, the other methods listed, such as 3D printing, fiber mesh, and solvent casting, do not involve this electrostatic principle of charged fluids and surfaces, focusing instead on different fabrication mechanisms and processes.