This process involves the ejection of a charged polymer fluid onto an oppositely charged surface. What is it called?

Electrospinning is a technique utilized in tissue engineering and materials science that involves the ejection of a charged polymer solution or melt through a needle under the influence of a high voltage electric field. The charged polymer strands are drawn towards a grounded, oppositely charged surface, which helps in the formation of ultrathin fibers as the solvent evaporates. This process is significant for creating nanofibrous scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix, providing support for cell attachment and growth in tissue engineering applications. The electrospinning method allows for the fabrication of fibers with tunable diameters and porosity, which is critical when designing scaffolds with specific mechanical and biological properties.

In contrast, the other choices represent different techniques or processes that do not involve the same mechanism of charged ejection and fiber formation. Freeze drying is a dehydration process used to preserve materials, melt molding involves shaping materials through thermal processes, and stereolithography is a 3D printing technique that builds objects layer by layer using photopolymerization. Therefore, these methods do not reflect the principle described in the question regarding the ejection of a charged polymer fluid onto an oppositely charged surface.