Small channels between cells that allow for intercellular communication are called?

The correct choice emphasizes the role of gap junctions in facilitating intercellular communication. Gap junctions are specialized structures that form connections between adjacent cells, allowing for the direct transfer of ions, small metabolites, and signaling molecules. This connectivity is critical for maintaining homeostasis and coordinated cellular functions in tissues, especially in cardiac and neural tissues where rapid signaling is essential.

Gap junctions consist of connexins, which assemble to form connexons that bridge the gap between neighboring cells. This arrangement enables cells to share information and respond collectively to stimuli, enhancing tissue functionality.

In contrast, desmosomes are structures that provide mechanical strength and adhesion between cells but do not allow for direct communication. Tight junctions create a barrier that regulates the passage of substances between the cells, maintaining distinct environments on either side of the tissue. Hemidesmosomes anchor cells to the underlying extracellular matrix but are not involved in cell-to-cell communication. Thus, gap junctions stand out as the key structures enabling intercellular communication.